Which part of the pituitary gland does NOT produce hormones but instead stores them?

The posterior pituitary gland is responsible for storing hormones rather than producing them. It specifically stores oxytocin and vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone, ADH), which are produced in the hypothalamus. These hormones are transported down nerve axons and released from the posterior pituitary into the bloodstream when needed, allowing for regulation of various physiological processes such as water retention and uterine contractions during childbirth.

In contrast, the anterior pituitary gland actively produces and secretes its own hormones, including growth hormone, prolactin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone. The anatomical pituitary gland refers to the whole structure, encompassing both the anterior and posterior parts, and therefore does not accurately describe just the storage function of the posterior segment. The parathyroid gland, while important for regulating calcium levels in the body, operates independently of the pituitary gland's hormone functions.