Which gland is commonly referred to as the "master gland"?

The pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" because it plays a central role in regulating and controlling the functions of other endocrine glands in the body. It is located at the base of the brain and secretes a variety of hormones that influence growth, metabolism, and reproductive processes. For instance, it releases growth hormone (GH), which is essential for growth and development, as well as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which prompts the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.

Due to its regulatory influence over multiple hormonal pathways, the pituitary gland is considered the key player in the endocrine system, coordinating many of the body's functions and thus earning the title of "master gland."