Which condition is NOT related to autosomal recessive disorders?

Hemophilia is classified as an X-linked recessive disorder, meaning it is primarily associated with the X chromosome and typically affects males. This is due to the mutation in genes that are located on the X chromosome, which results in the inability to produce certain clotting factors necessary for blood coagulation. Therefore, it does not fit the criteria for autosomal recessive disorders, which involve genes located on non-sex chromosomes (autosomes) and require two copies of the mutated gene for the disorder to manifest.

In contrast, both Tay-Sachs disease and cystic fibrosis are autosomal recessive disorders. Tay-Sachs results from a deficiency of the enzyme hexosaminidase A, leading to the accumulation of GM2 gangliosides in nerve cells, while cystic fibrosis involves mutations in the CFTR gene, affecting the regulation of salt and water transport in epithelial cells, which leads to thick mucus production and respiratory issues. Both conditions require an individual to inherit two copies of the mutated gene—one from each parent—before the disease manifests, which is characteristic of autosomal recessive inheritance.