What is tRNA responsible for?

tRNA, or transfer RNA, plays a crucial role in the process of protein synthesis by transporting specific amino acids to the ribosome, where proteins are assembled. Each tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon that pairs with a corresponding codon on the mRNA strand, ensuring that the correct amino acid is incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain. This function is essential for translating the genetic information encoded in mRNA into a functional protein.

The other options describe processes that are not associated with tRNA. For instance, the role of carrying RNA to the nucleus is fulfilled by different types of RNA and transport mechanisms. Decoding mRNA into proteins is primarily the function of the ribosome itself, which brings together mRNA and tRNA for translation. Inhibiting gene expression is typically managed by regulatory proteins or small RNA molecules, rather than by tRNA. Understanding the specific role of tRNA in protein synthesis highlights its importance in the broader context of molecular biology and genetics.