What is the process called when a gas changes to a liquid?

The process where a gas transforms into a liquid is called condensation. This occurs when gas molecules lose energy, often due to a decrease in temperature or an increase in pressure, which allows them to come closer together and transition into the liquid state. An example of this can be observed when water vapor in the air cools down and turns into liquid water droplets, such as when dew forms on grass in the morning.

In contrast, evaporation refers to the change of a liquid into a gas, often occurring at the surface of the liquid when it gains sufficient energy. Deposition is the direct change from a gas to a solid, bypassing the liquid phase, which can be seen in the formation of frost. Fusion refers to the phase change from a solid to a liquid, commonly known as melting. Thus, condensation accurately describes the conversion of gas to liquid.