What do histones do in relation to DNA?

Histones are a critical component of chromatin structure in eukaryotic cells. They are proteins that play a vital role in organizing and compacting DNA into a more condensed form, making it possible for DNA to fit within the nucleus of a cell. The coiling of DNA around histones forms a structure known as a nucleosome, which resembles "beads on a string." This arrangement not only helps in packing the DNA but also plays a significant role in regulating gene expression.

The interaction between histones and DNA enables the formation of higher-order chromatin structures, allowing for the proper function of DNA during processes such as replication, transcription, and repair. This is essential for maintaining the integrity and accessibility of genetic information.