What cellular function is associated with proteases?

Proteases are enzymes specifically designed to catalyze the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids. This process, known as proteolysis, is crucial for various cellular functions, including the regulation of biochemical processes, the removal of damaged or misfolded proteins, and the activation of certain proteins that are essential for cell signaling and metabolic pathways. By cleaving peptide bonds within protein molecules, proteases facilitate protein turnover and help maintain cellular homeostasis.

Understanding the role of proteases highlights their importance in health and disease, as they can influence processes such as digestion, immune responses, and cell division.